Stud bearing



March 1951 J. J. VISONE 2546 891 scrum BEARING Filed Feb. 1?, 194a FIGS/5 /6 FIGS v FIG.6 49 Z2 4 /23 l f v I Z? 54 FIG.1 l 25 28 FIG? w 22INVENTOR.

JOSEPH J. VBSONE ATTO R N EY Patented Mar. 27, 1951 STUD BEARING JosephJ. Visone, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Remington Rand Inc., New York,N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application February 17, 1948, SerialNo. 8,838 1 Claim. (01. 3os

This invention relates to bearings, and in particular to bearings of thestud type which can be readily mounted on a supporting surface of amachine.

In. providing bearings for links, levers, bellcranks, or other movingparts whereby said parts mayfbe mounted on a supporting surface of themachine, it has been the practice heretofore to produce, in a one piececonstruction, a tool steel stud having a shank and a bearing portion.The bearing portion was then case-hardened and, in order that theshankportion might serve as a .rivetfor mounting, it was subsequentlynecessary to attempt to anneal said shank. An extensively used-method ofannealing was employed whereby the shank was packedin carbonaceousmaterials,

heated, and cooled slowly In order to retain its acquiredhardness,.it-was necessary to protect the bearing portion of the "studduring'the-annealing process. Said annealing could not be. accuratelylocalized and the bearing portion was ofttimes found to lose itscasehardening. Also, due to the inconsistent success of the annealingprocess, the shank portion often ..continued brittle and split orchipped during the riveting operation.

Another method of forming the shank and bearing portion, as a whole,from cold rolled steel also proved dissatisfactory. One piececonstruction made it necessary in this process to protect the shankportion in order to maintain its low carbon status while the bearingportion acquired carbon from a carbon pack and heating process. Saidpacking and heating was intended solely to make said bearing portionsusceptible to a casehardening. Here, again, protection of a definiteportion of the stud proved difiicult. Also, the subsequent casehardeningof the bearing portion was not accurately localized. 'Ijherefore, theshank portion often attained an undesired hardness and split or chippedwhen utilized as a rivet.

Studs manufactured by either of the above methods required a relativelylarge degree of ina shank brazed therein; means effective for assistingin obtaining a satisfactory braze between said bearing member and shank.

To the above and other ends which will be perceived upon a reading ofthe specification, the invention consists in certainfeatures of con-'struction, and combinations and arrangements of parts, all of which willbe fully set forth herein and particularly pointed out in. the claims.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear from thefollowing description when read in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view of a mounting inconnection with which an embodimentof the invention is employed, partsbeingshown in section; h

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the stud in N Fig. 1 prior to theemployment thereof;

Fig. 3 is a frontelevational view of the shank member embodied in Fig.1; I

Fig. 4 is a front elevational view of the bearing member embodied inFig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the bearing member embodied in Fig.1;

Fig. 6 is ,a full sectional view, somewhat enlarged, of the preferredembodiment of the stud assembly; and

Fig. '7 is a full section view, somewhat enlarged, of another embodimentof the stud assembly.

Similar reference characters represent similar parts throughout theseveral views.

One embodiment of the present invention, as

. shown employed in Fig. 1 for mounting a moving member H on asupporting member l2, and

' groove to receive a retaining means 29 while its other end isupsettable for forming a head ll (Fig. l). The bearing member I4 isformed to have a bearing portion l8 and a spacing collar l 9 (Figs. 4and 5) dividual attention and handling, which enhanced the 'alreadyhigh'expense due to the failures and wastages.

It is an object of the present invention, there-' Another object-of--the-present invention is to 7 provide in a bearing member adapted forreceiving andhaving a malleable shank united therewith, means effectivefor reducing the stress induced in the union between the bearing and Ishank and thereby-avoiding a parting of the united members'when saidshank is utilized as i a rivet.

Still anotherobject of the present invention is to provide in-a bearingmember adapted to have Numerous means may be employed for retaining themoving member on the bearing portion of thefstud. In this invention ithas been found referable, to use the well known spring clip 20,

; as partially seen in Fig. 1.

The shank [3, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, may be, and preferably is,screw machined from cold "rolled steel stock, which is of a low carboncontent and is not hardenable by heating and quenching, and has formedon its collars I5 and I6 of unequal diameters, the greater being theoutermost. The bearing member M, as shown in tionQfgbhfigSharn'k'ilZ-pfln whichatheibearin amcinher is .,:to .:be unitedis coated with a suitable copper brazing compound.

When the shank I3 is then press fitted into the hole 2| of the bearingmember I4, as, shown in Fig. 2, it extends beyond the spacing portion 19to a length determined by -.thickness-.of the machine wall 2 to whichthe stud .=is "to be attached. The smaller collar I5, when abutted onthe bearing portion [8, andthe larger collar I6, serve to form anannular groove 22 to receive the aforementioned spring clip. This enti estud assembly is thengplaced in an atmospheri- .-;callycontrolledbrazing furnace. ,Ata temperature cf app imately thenopnercompound is melted, and capillary ,adtionv equally dis- .ir but s thebraze, lt is :tbisutilizatipn .of agp lar y wh ch eguires the shank .13.to .be .of .a sprees .fitin the sai h l 2L The brazed :asrse bly is hzns mite d .to-cool slowlyin themat- .-::mospherically controlledchamber. It ,is a known fact that cold rolled steel, when heated.sufi'iciently .and slowly :cooleid, relinquishes the ,hardness acquiredin the original ,cold rolling. .Therefore, ,in .efiect, the shank 13 .isannealed the brazing temperature being sufficient ,fonannealing- I"Since no .oxygenis ,present .in .the above .men- .tioned process, anoxidation .scale is not. formed. @Also, the :steel .merrihers do not.relinguish their carbon contents and the high carbon ,tool steel member1114 remains (favor-ably susceptible to a hardening process of heatingand quenching.

The Entirestudis .thenheated .to a temperature of approximately 15.0.Uand Water nuenchcd. .ilhe .too1. .s.tee1 :por.tion I4 is thereby'casehardened, aiiording it 1the desired qualities .Q 41a bearin.surface. The cold rolled ,shank portion L3, .Joeing n1 a lower carboncontent, re-

mains annea ed and malleable and, therefore, imaytbc readily andadvantageously utilizedas a rivet.

In the ,preierred embodiment of the present invention, a cold .Ildlledsteel shank 23 :(Fig. 6) .may he screw machined -.of Va uniform diameter,and rigidly secured by .a .copper ,furnace braze, .as'hereinbe'foredescribed, in .a toolistecl bearin .member .24. .Said bearing member maybe screw maohinedso as to provide a spacing collar =l9,.a bearingportion .18, and an annular groove 22, to ,receiveaspring clip forretaining a moviing:m'emberonsaidbearing portion. Ahole 25 iaxiallyextends into, but .not through, the bear- .ing .memb.er.24..Alcounterboredhole ,26 forms a-shoulder 21. Said shoulder .21determines the depth to which the shank 23 may beprcssfitted .into .the.bearingmember .24. .In this ,manner it i o s e to determine accuratelythe length-of that Port on of the shank which may be. used .as i3;:rivet. Said-shoulder .also tends to reduce the stress induced in thecopperbrazed ,j.oint. during a subsequent riveting -operation andthereby rprevents parting of the .qb-razed members .-A v vent ,hole 28,of ,a relatively small diameter, ,iiacilitates yzair :escapage ,when.the shank :23 :is pressed into the .counterbored hole 25,, thereby,preventing..a-b1ow=out of the-shank, .cra hampering {of the capillaryaction "during the brazing process which;proc ess also .anneals theshank :23 find-leaves the bearing member 24 unaffected.

assembled stud is then subjected .to the :hclrdening process ;hereinbefoe described, with the aforementioned results.

In a variation of I the present invention, a cold rolled steel .-.-shank529 (-Fig.- 7) may 1be .:sc ew machined :tosacuniform:diametersandisimultwa- .ous1y.;annealed.;and1rigid1y secured:by a cop er furnace braze, as hereinbefore described, in a stool steelbearing member 30. Said bearing member may be screw machined so as toprovide a spacing collar IS, a bearing portion I8, an an- ,nular groove22 .,to {receive a spring clip for re ,tainingpurposes,rand an axiallyextending hole -L-S3-id hole-.aextends the length of the bearing memberand is necessarily of a dimensional requirement --making it a press fitwith the shank.

When fitted and brazed in place, the extremity .32 .of the shank 29 alinswith thejcdse 13.3 of the :bcaring member "3.0. In this manner it isPQ S bLe to accurately determine the Ilength .of that portion of'theshankwhich is to serve ;as,.a rivet. Subsequently, the .entire studis passed th ough the 'fhereinbci te described ha den n process with theaforementioned results.

Inor'der to mount one of the described stud bearings in the manner shownin Fig. 1, the shank I3 is inserted in a suitable hole provided in thesupporting member 12. Then While bucked up at the opposite end, theportion of the shank 13 which protrudes from the supporting member I2 ispeened over 'or upset in'similar fashion .to a rivet. This is possible,.due to the annealing of "said shank 13 which renders it readilymalleable. "The'moving member 'll may then'be fitted to'bear on thecase-har'dene'dbearing portion l8, retained thereon by the spring clip"20 in ,the annular groove '22 and suitably spaced from the supportingmember 12 "by the spacingcollar f9. :Thepther describedembodi- .mentsmay be similarly "mounted *and,:in view of whatjhas alread been said,the descriptions of the steps leading thereto are believed :unnecessary.

"While I have described What consider to .be "highly desirableembodiments .of my invention, it is obvious that many changes informcould be made Wi hout departing from my invention, and I,'therefore, donotlimit myself to the exact ,forms herein shown and described.

What "I. claim as'new, and :desire to secure "by Letters Patent, is:

A bearing of the studtypecomprising in combination, "a toolgsteelbearing'mernber shaped-to 'provide a collar, abearing portion, and meansfor retaining any cooperating .member on said portion, ashoulder formedby a counterbore of a ,hole of relatively less diameter, means for airescape from said hole, and a cold rolled steel shank, to be press fittedand copper .furnace brazed in said counterbore 'andgabutted on saidshoulder, :toserve .:as a :rivet.

JJOSEBH .J. ZVISDNE.

-REEERENCES iCI-CEED The following references are :of record in ithefile of "this patent:

vSTA'IES .BATENTS

